Many tubular joints commonly found in offshore jacket structures are multi-planar. Investigating the effect of loaded out-of-plane braces on the values of the stress concentration factor (SCF) in offshore tubular joints has been the objective of numerous research works. However, due to the diversity of joint types and loading conditions, several quite important cases still exist that have not been studied thoroughly. Among them are internally ring-stiffened multi-planar XT-joints subjected to axial loading. In the present research, data extracted from the stress analysis of 81 finite element (FE) models, verified using experimental test results, was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the chord-side SCFs in multi-planar tubular XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners subjected to two types of axial loading. Parametric FE study was followed by a set of the nonlinear regression analyses to develop four new SCF Parametric equations for the fatigue analysis and design of axially loaded multi-planar XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners.

In the present study an attempt has been made to use a non-Parametric method Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for assessing source-wise and operation-wise the Technical Efficiency (TE) and Return-to-Scale (RTS) for paddy production in four zones of the state of Punjab, India. The results were then compared to corresponding ones already obtained from a Parametric method (Cobb-Douglas production function). The data from farmers growing rice in four zones including labor-h, machine-h, power source, horse power and hours used, kind of machinery used, physical inputs such as seed, fertilizers and pesticides (as inputs) and the yield (as output) were transformed into energy terms (MJ ha-1). The results revealed that farmers in zone 2 with a source-wise TE of 0.91, have consumed energy from more efficient sources, followed by zone 4 (0.90) and then zones 3 and 5 (0.85). No significant correlation could be established between the Parametric and nonParametric TE for source-wise energy inputs. According to the DEA results, it was observed that 55.6% and 64.1% of inefficient farmers had an increasing RTS for operation-wise and source-wise energy inputs, respectively. However, a constant RTS had been reported by the Parametric frontier function.

In traditional speech processing, feature extraction and classification were conducted as separate steps. The advent of deep neural networks has enabled methods that simultaneously model the relationship between acoustic and phonetic characteristics of speech while classifying it directly from the raw waveform. The first convolutional layer in these networks acts as a filter bank. To enhance interpretability and reduce the number of parameters, researchers have explored the use of Parametric filters, with the SincNet architecture being a notable advancement. In SincNet's initial convolutional layer, rectangular bandpass filters are learned instead of fully trainable filters. This approach allows for modeling with fewer parameters, thereby improving the network's convergence speed and accuracy. Analyzing the learned filter bank also provides valuable insights into the model's performance. The reduction in parameters, along with increased accuracy and interpretability, has led to the adoption of various Parametric filters and deep architectures across diverse speech processing applications. This paper introduces different types of Parametric filters and discusses their integration into various deep architectures. Additionally, it examines the specific applications in speech processing where these filters have proven effective.

In most airbag systems, the gaseous mixture that fills up the airbag is produced by the fast combustion of a propellant in a combustion chamber called inflator. In this paper, the numerical study of combustion process in a pyrotechnic inflator was carried out based on a zero-dimensional multi zones model. The Parametric study shows that the performance of inflator is more affected by the propellant characteristics such as mass, combustion index, and propellant temperature coefficient and is not significantly influenced by hardware elements of inflator. In order to simulate hybrid pyrotechnic inflator, the initial pressure of gas plenum was increased by 25 to 50 times. As a result, the performance both in combustion chamber and in discharge tank decreased. This lower temperature leads to a higher thermal efficiency.

With recent technological developments in the mining industry, the issue of physical asset management has become more important. Asset management in the mining industry has a key role to achieve production goals and increase competitiveness in the market. Reliability is one of the key indicators of asset management. Reliability is a function of the failures time and various risk factors such as environmental and operational conditions. One of the most widely used methods for investigating the relationship between the risk factors and reliability is the proportional hazard regression model. The regression coefficients can be estimated using two approaches, i.e. Parametric and semi-Parametric. In this paper, the failure data of a dump truck in the Sungun copper mine is analyzed using both semi-Parametric and Parametric approaches. The results show that the obtained estimates of both approaches were close to each other, according to Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the Weibull Parametric model is more efficient than the semi-Parametric model at describing the reliability and hazard rate. In addition, it is found that road condition; operator skill, ambient temperature, and haulage distance have a significant effect on the hazard rate of the dump truck. This analysis is applied to maintenance management to keep the reliability of the dump truck at an acceptable level.

Abstract: Due to the ever-increasing human need for potable water, and the limited available resources, various methods of fresh water production have been developed. One of these methods is capacitive deionization which is used in two modes of single pass and batch. In this article, single pass mode capacitive deionization is numerically investigated. A numerical code for simulation the process was developed and validated with some experimental results that are available in the literature. Different effective parameters include applying voltage, feed water flowrate, electrode capacitance, feed concentration and cell volume are considered and their effects on the CDI performance are presented and discussed. Results show that the electrode capacitance is the most important parameter of desalination in CDI technology. Therefore, future research should be dedicated to develop the electrodes’ electrical and physical properties such as electrode capacitance and its porosity.Keywords: Capacitive Deionization Technology, Single Pass Mode, Desalination, Electrode Capacitance

Clean energy harvesting and usage has gained considerable attention in the last few decades. While the horizontal axis wind turbines have been used extensively, they have certain defects and functional limitations. In the present paper, a novel oscillatory wind turbine is proposed. The conceptual design of the new turbine together with its configuration is explained. Dynamical equations of the turbine are derived and numerical analysis of these equations is performed using a developed computer code. The simulated behavior of the oscillatory turbine agrees well with the general behavior of the wind turbines, and the values for the power coefficient are acceptable for a micro-sized wind turbine.

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the value at risk of stock indexes based on Parametric, quasi-Parametric and non-Parametric approaches in Tehran Stock Exchange on the basis of data collected during the period of 2009-2010. The purpose of this study is practical. On the other hand, the present study is empirically oriented epistemologically, its inductive reasoning system, and field-library study using causal-historical information (ie, past information). In this regard, the performance of each of the above approaches was evaluated and finally the accuracy of accuracy was evaluated by the Basel Committee test and Bin, POF and TUFF frequency tests. The results show that Parametric, quasi-Parametric and semi-Parametric models have priority in terms of efficiency and accuracy, respectively. In addition, the results from another perspective show that non-Parametric and semi-Parametric models based on error ratio and post hoc tests have overestimated the value of risk exposure, although the contribution of nonParametric model is higher.

In the present study, the main purpose is the qualitative study on garbage collection in Tehran city. It has been done by qualitative research method. Semi-structured interview and purposeful sampling techniques were used in data collection. To do this, 15 people were interviewed and the sample size in the present study was determined based on theoretical saturation. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Theme analysis was performed at 4 levels of primary, main, central and core themes. A total of 184 initial themes were extracted from all interviews. In the main coding stage, the following 9 main themes were merged. Escape from poverty in the origin and the inevitable choice of inferiority, society's view to garbage collectors, and high stress, strengthening the cycle of academic reluctance and illiteracy, physical and mental torment, unknown horizon and confusion of the Khojies, legal ambiguity and customary definitions and contracts, complaints from relevant institutions, the entry of the mafia and the formation of rent and corruption. Finally, these themes fall into two categories of social harmfulness of recycling and institutional exclusion and illegallity of the status of garbage collectors in the second distrect in the form of the core theme of the structure of socially harmful and institutionally illegal, waste phenomenon explained..

Purpose: The science of interpretation, as the most important science responsible for understanding the Qur'an, needs to be methodized and updated so that the teachings of the Qur'an can be used easily for all classes of people. In the present study, the meaning of "future research in interpretation" is the ability to create desirable models for more efficient interpretation in the future, by using scientific tools, creativity and relying on the foundations and rules of interpretation and compensating the damages of interpretation in the past.Method: This research, with descriptive analytical method, answers the question, what are the fields and requirements of future research in interpretation? Findings: The results of the current research are based on the fact that special attention to the Qur'an, as the most important source of interpretation, rationality and methodical consideration in interpretation, attention to the prerequisites of interpretation, interpretation based on the requirements of the time, the need to pay attention to thematic interpretation, studying on the history of interpretation and observing the manners and conditions of interpretation are one of the most important requirements of interpretation in the future. Results: Considering the developments that will take place in the field of knowledge, methods and expectations from science in the future, the interpretation will also change. For this reason, in order not to cause various damages to the interpretation of the Qur'an, it is necessary to pay attention to the various contexts, principles and requirements of the interpretation of the Qur'anic commentators and scholars.